The fintech movement is driving a rapid evolution within financial services, resulting in a new infrastructure and platform for the industry’s next generation.
Investment in fintech companies has soared in the past three years, topping $118.2 billion globally in 2021, which surpassed the previous two years combined. The average fintech company valuation skyrocketed from $17.6 million in 2019 to $77 million last year.
Even with these booming metrics, there could well be challenges ahead. Looking to the rest of 2022, we expect investors to be more discerning as regulations around public transactions evolve. Sixteen fintech companies went public via a traditional initial public offering in 2021 and 21 via special purpose acquisition company transactions, which will be difficult to exceed. The expected interest rate hikes the Fed plans for this year also point to capital not being so easy for fintech and other emerging technology companies to access. Still, we expect interest in fintech companies to remain high along with the number of capital market transactions.
Much remains to be seen, but here are the top trends we expect to shape fintech this year and beyond:
1. Embedded finance is here to stay
Big Tech has blurred industry lines and enabled the concept of embedded finance to become widespread; PitchBook estimates the market potential of embedded finance to reach $7 trillion by 2030. (Compare that to its market value of $43 billion in 2021, according to Juniper Research.) More and more, customers demand access to products and services in one centralized location, pushing companies to provide financial services products through partnerships and white-label programs.
Companies in health care, consumer products, technology, and other sectors can embed a loan, a checking account, a line of credit, or a payment option into their business model and platform. This means large-scale ecosystem disruption for many players and presents a potential opportunity to companies that focus on offering customized customer experiences. This also means it will be possible to offer distinct groups personalized services uniquely tailored to their financial situation.
2. A super app to rule all other apps
Along with the growth of embedded finance, we anticipate the rise of the “super app,” which essentially pulls together many apps with different functionalities into one ecosystem. For example, WeChat is used in Asia for messaging, payments, restaurant orders, shopping and even booking doctors’ appointments. The adoption of super apps is slower in the United States, but PayPal, Venmo, Cash App, Coinbase, Robinhood, Affirm, Klarna and Chime are building out their functionality. Typical functions of these super apps include QR payments, peer-to-peer transfers, debit accounts, checking accounts, direct deposits, stock trading, crypto trading and more.
3. DeFi will gain further acceptance
Of the $118 billion in fintech fundraising in 2021, approximately 30% went to fund blockchain and cryptocurrency projects. This percentage includes the amount of capital invested in decentralized finance (known as DeFi) platforms, which was $1.9 billion, according to The Block. While the investment is a small percentage of last year’s fintech total, DeFi has the potential not only to disrupt the financial services industry but radically transform it because of the massive structural changes it could bring.
DeFi is an alternative to the current financial system, relies on blockchain technology, is open and global and has no need for a central governing body. Most current DeFi projects use the Ethereum network and various cryptocurrencies. By using decentralized apps, users can trade, lend, borrow and exchange assets directly with each other instead of relying on an intermediary. The net value locked in DeFi protocols, according to The Block, grew from $16 billion in 2020 to $101.4 billion in 2021, demonstrating its potential.
4. Digital wallets
Digital wallets such as Apple Pay and Google Pay are becoming an increasingly popular alternative to cash, debit cards and credit cards, and we expect this trend to continue. Digital wallets are used for 45% of e-commerce and mobile transactions, according to Bloomberg, but their use accounts for just 26% of in-person point-of-sale payments. By 2024, WorldPay expects 33% of in-person payments globally to be made using digital wallets, while the use of cash is expected to fall to 13% from 21% in the next three to four years.
As a result, we are starting to see countries strongly considering digital currency, which could set the stage to drastically reduce the use of cash. China, Mexico and the United States have all made considerable progress in exploring or piloting such programs, which would make digital wallets more widely accepted and used in coming years.
5. Regulators are catching up to fintechs
Given the speed at which fintech innovation moves, it’s no surprise regulators have been playing catchup for a few years now. But 2022 could be the year regulators make some headway. For example, the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau, noting the rapid growth of “buy now, pay later” (BNPL), opened an inquiry into five BNPL companies late in 2021 and has signaled its intent to regulate the space. Of the 18 enforcement actions issued by the CFPB in 2021, only one was issued to a fintech company, but the CFPB’s mandate to protect consumers means it’s only a matter of time before more regulation is in place.
The Securities and Exchange Commission chair Gary Gensler signaled the agency’s intent to regulate cryptocurrencies during its last investor advisory committee meeting in 2021. The acting chair of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has similarly noted the risks posed by crypto-assets require that the agency prioritize regulation of such assets in 2022. Similarly, this January, the Acting Comptroller of the Currency, Michael J. Hsu, noted that crypto has gone mainstream and will require a “coordinated and collaborative regulatory approach.”
Other agencies have also begun evaluating the use of some technology like artificial intelligence and machine learning in financial services.
The takeaway
There are a number of other forces at play shaping the fintech space, including automation, artificial intelligence, growing attention on environmental, social and governance issues, and workforce challenges. But we’ll be watching the five major trends above most closely as the year continues.
