This summer was supposed to be the season of revenge travel. With COVID-19 caseloads easing and consumers flush with savings built up during the pandemic, the travel industry was anticipating a robust season. Consumers were so eager to get out of the house that little could deter them, the thinking went.
But that was before a new risk emerged: stubborn, elevated inflation. Even as overall inflation in the United States has surged to 8.6% in May, the components of the consumer price index that directly affect travel have risen even more.
These include airfares, which are up by 33.3% year over year; gasoline, which has surged by 43.6%, and even food away from home, which has increased by 7.2%. For hoteliers, labor challenges continue to stress the summer travel experience.
It all has left travel industry executives wary, even as they say they still expect a busy season.
“Even with rising inflation in gas prices, we continue to expect strong consumer demand especially as we enter the busy summer leisure travel season,” Patrick Pacious, president and chief executive of Choice Hotels International, said on his first-quarter earnings call.
He added: “It is worth noting that gas prices historically have had little to no impact on travel. Rather, consumers indicate that rising fuel costs could mean adjustments in how they spend their money such as traveling shorter distances, choosing destinations closer to home or not dining out as often, but they are going to travel.”
Indeed, surveys have supported the notion that Americans are determined to get on the road this summer. Approximately eight in 10 Americans are scheduling travel plans, according to a recent survey from The Vacationer.
Rising gas prices
But consumers are aware of rising costs. According to a March poll by Bank of America, 62% of respondents expected to travel more than usual in the next 12 months, but more than 40% said higher gas prices would cause them to travel less, while 28% said they could take shorter trips to offset higher prices. Another survey, from Bankrate in March, found that 70% of respondents said they are changing their summer travel plans because of inflation.
History has shown that there is little correlation between gas prices and performance in hospitality. For instance, the 10-year average for gas prices is just under $3 per gallon, but prices have been volatile from year to year given the constant changes in the energy sector. Apart from the shutdown from the global COVID-19 pandemic, hotel occupancy has been stable with its seasonal peaks and valleys.
Flight cancellations
Airfares continue to climb as travelers get more comfortable with lines at the airports and full flights. Flights in May averaged $360 per round-trip with domestic airfares trending 10% above 2019 prices, pointing to the direct effect of record jet fuel pricing, increases in total passengers and pressures from rising labor costs, according to a report from Hopper.
Passengers would most likely stomach additional costs to reach their desired destination, but according to data from FlightAware, more than 7,000 flights were canceled during the Memorial Day weekend, creating additional barriers for the travel season.
Gas and airline price increases are only part of the travel story. Although hotel occupancy has been slowly recovering to 2019 levels, guest rates for all hotel classes have been increasing at a torrid pace, exceeding the highest levels on record.
The average daily rate exceeded $144 per night in May compared to $130 per night in February 2020, the last full month of service before the COVID-19 shutdown, according to CoStar/STR data. And if Memorial Day is a precursor to summer travel demand, this could be a banner year for the industry.
During the Friday and Saturday of Memorial Day weekend, the U.S. hotel industry sold more room nights than in any prior year, according to CoStar/STR data. Memorial Day weekend occupancy also reached a record of 81.4%.
The labor market
While higher prices have done little to dampen demand so far, leisure and hospitality companies are contending with another, more practical challenge: Finding the workers to serve this higher demand.
Workers have been in chronic short supply for much of the pandemic. But leisure and hospitality have been hit particularly hard and have had one of the slowest job growth rates since the beginning of the pandemic.
The U.S. economy added 390,000 jobs in May, of which the hospitality sector accounted for 84,000. The unemployment rate for hospitality workers, though, ticked up to 5.1% compared to overall unemployment of 3.6%.
Hospitality has lost more than 7.5 million jobs since March 2020, of which only 6.9 million jobs have returned, for a net loss of 600,000 since the beginning of the pandemic. All other major sectors have experienced net job growth since March 2020.
In addition, wage growth in hospitality has been the most substantial of all sectors, rising by roughly 20% since the beginning of the pandemic, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Even so, the expected return of hospitality workers given wage growth and lower savings from government support has not materialized. Survey data from hospitality workers shows that it is not always about dollars and cents.
Nearly half of hospitality workers (45%) have become even less satisfied with their jobs since returning from COVID-19 layoffs, according to a report from Harri, in partnership with consulting firm CGA. The workers cited a lack of flexibility, increased workload and pay not matching the job description as the main factors.
The takeaway
Hospitality entities focusing on providing growth opportunities, less structure in schedules, company culture and unique benefit packages will have the best chance to capture the limited available talent in the hospitality industry.
